World Literature on Medicinal Plants from Pankaj Oudhia’s Medicinal Plant Database -92

World Literature on Medicinal Plants from Pankaj Oudhia’s Medicinal Plant Database -92

World Literature on Medicinal Plants Quoted/Consulted/Modified/Improved/Discussed/Used/Corrected in Pankaj Oudhia’s Medicinal Plant Database.

For details please visit http://www.pankajoudhia.com



Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 77. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 4 Herbs [Formulation 5]) . CGBD (Offline Database on
Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 78. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 4 Herbs [Formulation 6]) . CGBD (Offline Database on
Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 79. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 18 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh
Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 80. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 19 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh
Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 81. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 20 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh
Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 82. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 21 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 83. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 22 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh
Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 84. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 24 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh
Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 85. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 21 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on Chhattisgarh
Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 86. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 21+3 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on
Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 87. Ocimum
sanctum based formulation (With 21+8 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on
Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 88.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database on
Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 89.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15+3 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database
on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 90. Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15+8 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database
on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 91.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15+4 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database
on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 92.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15+15 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database
on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 93.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15+10 Herbs) . CGBD (Offline Database
on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 94.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15 Herbs [Formulation 1]) . CGBD
(Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 95.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15 Herbs [Formulation 2]) . CGBD
(Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 96.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15 Herbs [Formulation 3]) . CGBD
(Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
Oudhia, P. (2009). Traditional Agricultural Knowledge in Indian state Chhattisgarh. 2.
Management of Helicoverpa armigera in Chickpea (Cicer arietinum) crop. 97.
Sphaeranthus indicus based formulation (With 15 Herbs [Formulation 4]) . CGBD
(Offline Database on Chhattisgarh Biodiversity), Raipur, India. 
KUMARI, A., SINGH, D., VERMA, R.C. AND KHOLI, R.K., 1984, Correlation response of
germination and vigour on different plant seeds to the citrodora oil from
eucalyptus.  Proceedings of Forest Biology in the Service of Manking pp 70
Madmai, India, Indian Society of Tree Scientist.
LABRADA, R. AND FONT, C., 1990, Effect of Parthenium hysterophorus L. root extracts on
the crop seed germination. Revista-de-Protection Vegetal, 5: 17-20.
LI, X., WANG, G., LI, B. AND BLACKSHAW, R.E., 2005, Allelopathic effects of winter wheat
residues on germination and growth of crab grass (Digiteria ciliaris) and corn
yield. Allelopathy Journal, 15(1): 41-48.
MACHARIA, C. AND PEFFLEY, E.B., 2005. Allelopathy in Allium fistulosum. Crop Protection,
14(2):155-158.
MAHADEVAN, A. AND SRIDHAR, R., 1986, Methods in physiology plant pathology, Sivakami
Publications, Madras. MISHRA, J.S., SWAIN, D. AND SINGH, V.P., 2004, Studies on germination and allelopathic
potential of Horse pursulane (Trianthema portulacastrum.L).  Indian Journal of
Plant Physiology, 9(2):181-184.
MOLISCH, H., 1937, Der enfulslinear pflanze anfelie andere-allelopathic fischer, Jena, GDR.
MURTHY, B.C., PRATHIBHA, N.C. AND THAMMAIAH, N., 1995, Studies on alleloapthic
effect of parthenium on sunflower and sorghum. World weeds, 2:161-164.
NARWAL, S.S., 1994, “Allelopathy in crop production” Jodhpur, India: Scientific Publishers, p.
228.
NARWAL, S.S. AND TAURO, P., 1994, Allelopathy in agriculture and Forestry. (Eds.,
B.S.Narwal and P.Tauro) Jodhpur, India: Scientific Publishers, p.228.
NARWAL, S.S.AND SARMAH, M.K., 1995, Effect of wheat  residues and forage crops on
germination and growth of weeds.Allelopathy Journal, 3(2):229-240.
OBAID, K.A. AND QASEM, J.R., 2005, Allelopathic activity of common weeds species on
vegetable crops grown in Jordon. Allelopathy Journal, 15(2): 221-236.
OUDHIA, P. AND TRIPATHI, R.S., 1999, Allelopathic effect of  Lantana camera L.on rice.
Agriculture Science Digest (Karnal), 19(1): 43-45.
PETERSON, J.K., HARRISON, J.R.H.F.L  AND SNOOK, M.E.,1999, Comparison of three
parameters for estimation of allelopathic potential in sweet potato (Ipomoea
batatus.L) germplasm.Allelopathy journal, 6(2): 201-208.
PHAWA, S.K., ASHOK YADAV., MALIK, R.K., BALYAN, R.S., PUNIA, S.S., BANGA, R.S.
AND RAMESH KUMARI., 2000, Allelopathic effects of Parthenium hysterophorus
on weeds. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 32(3 & 4):177-180.
PISKORZ, B., 1997, Allelopathic effect of barnyard grass (Echinocloa crusgalli L.) on some
vegetable crops.I.Effect of aqueous extracts from Echinocloa crusgalli L.on seed
germination of cucumber, tomato and radish.  Journal of Poolish Academy of
Science, 452:153-165.
PRASAD, K.AND SRIVASTAV, V.C., 1991, Teletoxic effects of some weeds on germination
and initial growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogea).Indian Journal of Agricultural
Sciences, 61(7):493-494.
QASEM, J.R., 2002, Allelopathic effects of selected medicinal plants on  Amaranthus
retroflexus and Chenopodium murale. Allelopathy Journal, 10(2):105-122.
RAHMAN, A.AND ACHARIA, S.S., 1998.Allelopathic effects of Parthenium hysterophorus,
Linn.on seed germination and seedling establishment of  Cassia
occidentalis.Advances in Plant Science, 11: 151-153.
RAJENDRA SINGH., SINHA, K. P. AND SINGH, S. P., 1986, Competative efficacy of
herbicides and hand weeding for control of weeds in onion. Haryana Journal of
Horticulture sciences, 15: 76-82.
RICE, E. L., 1984, Allelopathy. 2
nd
 ed. Academic Press, London.
SANNIGRAHI, A.K.AND CHAKRABORTHY, S., 2005, Allelopathic effects of weeds on
germination and seedling growth of tomato.Allelopathy Journal, 16(2): 289-294.
SASIKUMAR, K., PRATHIBAN, K.T., KALAISELVI, T. AND  JAGATRAM, 2002, Allelopathic
effects of  Parthenium hysterophorus  on  Cyperus rotundus  on germination and
growth of vegetables.Allelopathy Journal, 10(2): 147-152.
SATOH, A., NAVITA, Y., ENDO, N.AND NISHIMURA., 1996.Potent allelochmicals falcalindol
from  Glehmia littoralis. F. Schm. Bioscience,  Biotechnology and Biochemistry,
60(1): 152-153.
SAXENA, A., SINGH, D.V.AND JOSHI, N.I., and 1996.Allelopathy in agroecosystem.  Field
Crop Abstracts, 49(10): 891-899.
SEETHA, R.M., BABU, R.C, SHERIFF, M.M.AND PERUMAL,  R.K.P., 1990, Allelopathic
potential of shoot and root leachates of certain weed species. Journal of
Agronomy and Crop Science, 164: 81-84.
SINHA, N.K. AND SAMARJIT SINGH., 2004. Allelopathic effects of Xanthium stromarium on
Parthenium hysterophorus.Indian Journal of Plant Physiology, 9(3): 313-315.
SIVAGURUNATHAN, M., SUMITRADEVI, G. AND RAMASWAMY,  K., 1997, Allelopathic
compounds in eucalyptus spp. Allelopathy Journal, 4 (2): 313-320.
STEINSEIK, J.W., OLIVER, L.R. AND COLLINS, F.C., 1982, Allelopathic potenatial of wheat
(Triticum aestivum) straw on selected weed species. Weed Science, 30: 495-497.
SWAMINATHAN, C., RAI, R.S.V. AND SURESH, K.K., 1990, Allelopathic effects of
Parthenium hysterophorus on germination and seedling growth of a multipurpose
trees and arable crops. International tree crops Journal, 6: 113-150. TOWATA, S. AND HONGO, E., 1987, Mimosine allelopathy of leucaena. Leucaena Research
Report, 8: 40-41.
TRIPATHI, J.S. AND VIASHYA, R.D., 1997. Allelopathic effects of fresh plant extracts on
germination of weed seeds. Indian Journal of Weed Science, 29: 192-193.
WARDLE, D.A., NICHOLSON, K.S. AND RAHMAN, A., 1993, Influence of plant age on
allelopathic potential of nodding thistle (Cardus nutans L.) against pasture
grasses and legumes. Weed research, 33: 69-78.
WESTON, L.A., 1996, Utilization of allelopathy for  weed management in agroecosystes.
Agronomy Journal, 88: 860-866.
XUAN, T.D., 2004, Pioneers of Allelopathy: XIV, Eiji Tsuzuki, Allelopathy Journal, 13(2): 129-
136.
YAMMAMATA, T., YOKOTANI-TOMITA, K., KOSEMURA, S., YAMADA, K. AND
HASEGAVA, K., 1999, Allelopathic substances exuded from the roots of
germinating barnyard grass (Echinocloa crusgalli L).  Journal of Plant Growth
Regulation, 18: 65-67.
ZHUNG, M., LING, B., KONG, C., LIANG, G. AND DONG,  Y., 2005. Allelopathic effect of
Lantana (Lantana camera L.) on Water hyacinth (Eichornea crasspes. solum).
Allelopathy Journal, 15: 125-130.
AGNIHOTRI, NP., SINHA. S.N., JAIN, H.K. AND CHAKR4.BORTI. A.K., 1990, Bioefficacy of
some synthetic pyrethroid insecticides against Lencinodes orbonalis Guen. and
their residues on brinjal fruit. Indian Journal of Entomology, 52 : 373-378. 
ALPUERTO, A. B., 1984, Ecological studies and management of egg plant shoot and fruit
borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)  Ph.D. Thesis,
University of the Philippines, Los Bonos, p.153. 
ANILKUMAR, B., NARASIMHA RAO, B. AND SRIRAMULU, M., 2000, Studies on the
efficacy of certain insecticides and their mixtures against shoot and fruit borer,
Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee on brinjal. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 28
: 25-28. 
ANILKUMAR, GUPTA, S. C., MISHRA, P.K. AND KUMAR, A., 1997, Influence of major
abiotic factors on incidence of Leucinodes orbonlis Guenee in brinjal (Solanum
melongena L) Journal of Research, Birsa-Agricultural University, 9 : 53-56. 
ANONYMOUS, 1989, Annual Report for 1989-90. All India Co-ordinated Research Project on
Biological Control of Crop Pests and Weeds. IIHR Hessarghatta, Bangalore, p.
248 
ANONYMOUS, 2001a, Evaluation of  Trichogramma chilonis  against shoot and fruit borer
Leucinodes orbonalis on brinjal. PDBC Annual Report, pp.144-145. 
ANONYMOUS, 2001b,  Horticultural crop statistics of Karnataka at  a  Glance  1997-98 to
1999-2000, Government of Karnataka, Department of Horticulture. 
ANONYMOUS, 2002, Annual Report for 2001-02. Project Directorate of Biological Control,
pp. 140-141.
ANONYMOUS, 2005, FAO Bulletin of Statistics, pp.42-43. 
ATWAL, A. S. AND VERMA, N. D., 1972, Development of Leucinodes orbonalis  Guen.
(Lepidoptera: Pyraustidae) in relation to different levels of temperature and
humidity. Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 42 : 849-854.
BHASKARAN, B. N., PAWAR, A. D. AND JADHAV, D. R., 1980, Efficacy of different
pesticides against brinjal shoot and fruit borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis.  Indian
Journal of Entomology, 42 : 31-34.
BIRADAR, A. P., TEGGELLI, R. G, PATIL, D.R. AND BALIKAI, R. A., 2001, Evaluation of
cypermethrin 3 EC + quinalphos 20 EC against brinjal shoot and fruit borer.
Karnataka Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 14: 369-372. 
BOTHER, P. A. AND DETHEM, D., 1993, Bioefficacy of  different endosulfan formulations
against brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Journal of Insect Sciences, 4 : 103-104 
BRAR, J. S., BHALLA, J. S. AND SINGH, H., 1994, Chemical control of L. orbonalis in brinjal.
Journal of Insect Sciences, 5: 225-226. 
CHAKRABORTI, S., 2001, A biorational approach for the maangement of brinjal fruit and
shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee. Journal of Entomological Research,
25: 73-76. 
CHANDRE GOWDA, B. A., 1979, Estimation of loss in brinjal due to shoot and fruit borer,
Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) and evaluation of some
new insecticides for its control. M. Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, University of Agricultural
Sciences, Bangalore. 
CHINNIAH, C. AND ASAFALI, K., 1999, Field evaluation of certain new insecticides against
the shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee of brinjal. Pestology, 23
: 10-14.  CORK, A., ALAM, S. N., DAS, A., DAS, C. S. AND HALL, D. R., 2005a, Female sex
pheromone of brinjal fruit and shoot borer,                  L. orbonalis (Lepidoptera :
Pyralidae) trap optimization and application in IPM traits.  Journal of Chemical
Ecology, 25:  1860-1872.
CORK, A., ALAM, S. N., DAS, D., DAS, C. S., GHOSH, G. C., FARMAN, D. L., HALL, D. R.,
MASLEN, N. R., VEDHAM, K., PHYTHIAN, S. J., ROUF, F. M. A. AND
SRINIVASAN, K., 2005b, Female sex pheromone of brinjal fruit and shoot
borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis Blend optimization.  Bulletin of Entomological
Research, 95 : 197-202.
CORK, A., ALAM, S. N., DAS. A. AND DAS, C. S., 2003, Development of mass trapping
techniques for control of brinjal shoot and fruit borer,  L. orbonalis. Bulletin of
Entomological Research, 95: 189-196.
DADMAL, S. M., NEMADE, S. B. AND AKHARE, M. D., 2004, Field screening of brinjal
cultivars for resistance to L. orbonalis, Guen. Pest Management in Horticultural
Ecosystem, 10 (2) :  145-150.
DATAR, V. V. AND ASHTAPUTRE, J. U., 1984, Chemical  control of fruit and shoot borer
(Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee) of brinjal with synthetic pyrethroids  South
Indian Horticulture, 32: 321-323. 
DATAR, V. V., 1983, Field evaluations of insecticides for the control of fruit and shoot borer
(Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) of brinjal.  South Indian Horticulture,  31: 153-
155. 
DHAMDHERE, S. V. AND SHARMA, N.K., 1991, Chemical control of brinjal shoot and fruit
borer  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee.  Journal of Entomological Research,  15:
109-112. 
DHAMDHERE, S., DHAMDHERE, S. V. AND MATHUR, R., 1995, Occurrence and
succession of pests of brinjal, Solanum melongena Linn. at Gwalior (Madhya
Pradesh), India. Journal of Entomological Research, 19: 71-77. 
ESWARA REDDY, S.G. AND SRINIVASA, N., 2001a, Efficacy of botanicals against brinjal
shoot and fruit borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee,  Proceeding of Second
National Symposium on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Horticulture
Crops  :  New Molecules, Biopesticides and Environment,  Bangalore, 17-19
October, 2001, pp. 11-13. 
ESWARA REDDY, S.G. AND SRINIVASA, N., 2001b, Efficacy of selected insecticides
against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee, Proceeding
of Second National Symposium on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in
Horticulture Crops : New Molecules, Biopesticides and Environment, Bangalore,
17-19 October, 2001, pp 57-58 
GHONGAL, P. K. SATPUTE, N. S., TIKAR, S. N. AND NAITAM, N. P., 2002, Field evaluation
of ready-mix insecticides against the shoot and fruit borer of brinjal, Leucinodes
orbonalis Guen. Pestology, 26 : 26-28. 
GUMBEK, M, 1984, Control of fruit and shoot borer in brinjal.  Annual Report Research
Branch for the Year 1984, Kuching, Aarawak, pp. 134-135. 
GUPTA, R. N. AND DHARI, K., 1981, Chemical control  of brinjal shoot and fruit borer,
Lucinodes orbonalis Guene. Pesticides, 15 : 37-39. 
HANAPUR, R. H. AND NANDIHALLI, B. S., 2003a, Incidence and constructions of life table
for the potato shoot borer,  L. orbonalis Guene.  Pest Management in
Horticultural Ecosystem, 9 (2) :            149-152.
HANAPUR, R. H. AND NANDIHALLI, B. S., 2003b, Efficacy of Trichogramma sp. against L.
orbonalis Guene. on potato. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystem, 9 (2) : 87-91.
HANAPUR, R. H. AND NANDIHALLI, B. S., 2004, Bioefficacy of certain insecticides and
botanical against the potato shoot borer, L. orbonalis Guene. Karnataka Journal
of Agricultural Sciences, 17 (3) : 602-603
HERAKAL, C. K., 1984, Studies on the biology and chemical control of brinjal shoot and fruit
borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae).  M. Sc. (Agri.)
Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Bangalore. 
HILL, D.S., 1993,  Agricultural Insect Pests of the Tropics and Their  Control.  Foundation
Books, Delhi, p. 634. 
HOSSAIN, M. M., SHAHJAHAN, M., ABDUS, S. A. AND BEGUM, M. A., 2002, Screening of
some brinjal varieties and lines against brinjal shoot and fruit borer L. orbonalis
Guenee. Journal of Biological Sciences, 5 (10) : 1032-1040.
JAT, K. L., SWAROOP SINGH AND MAURYA, R. P., 2003, Screening of brinjal varieties for
resistance to shoot and fruit borer  L. orbonalis Guen.  Haryana Journal of
Horticultural Sciences, 32 (1&2) : 152-153.
JYANI, D. B., PATEL, N. C., PATEL, J. R. AND RATANPARA, H. C., 1997, Field evaluation
of some brinjal varieties for resistance to insect  pests and little leaf disease.
Gujarat Agricultural University Research Journal, 22 : 75-77.
KARIM, M. A., ISLAM, M. N., MANNAN, M. M., CHOWDHURY, J. C. S. AND ISLAM, M.,
1999, Integrated management of the brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes
orbonalis Guen. (Lepidoptera : Pyralidae), based on insecticides. Bangladesh
Journal of Entomology, 17 : 75-95.
KHAIRE, V. A., LAWANDE, K. E., PATIL, J. D. AND KOLHE, O. S., 1986, Control of brinjal
shoot and fruit borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee with newer insecticides.
South Indian Horticulture, 34          50-51. 
KHORSHEDUZZAMAN, A. K. M., MANNAN, M. A. AND AHMED, A., 1997, Brinjal-coriander
intercropping : An effective IPM component against brinjal shoot and fruit borer,
Leucinodes orbonalis Guen (Pyralidae : Lepidoptera). Bangladesh Journal of
Entomology, 20 : 85-91.
KRISHNAIAH, K. AND VIJAY, O. P., 1975, Evaluation of brinjal varieties for resistance to
shoot and fruit borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee.  Indian Journal of
Horticulture, 32: 84-86. 
KRISHNAIAH, K., 1976, Control of shoot and fruit borer of brinjal with new insecticide
Pesticides, 10: 41-42 
KRISHNAIAH, K., AND VIJAY, O. P., 2003, Evaluation  of brinjal varieties for resistance to
shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis Guen. Indian Journal of Horticulture, 41 : 597-
601.
LANDE, U L., 1976, Bionomics and chemical control of brinjal fruit borer,  Leucinodes
orbonalis. M. Sc (Agri.) Thesis, Marathwada Agricultural University, Parabhani,
p. 43. 
MALL, N. P., PANDEY, R. S., SINGH, S. V. AND SINGH, S. K., 1992, Seasonal incidence of
insect pests and estimation of the losses caused by shoot and fruit borer on
brinjal. Indian Journal of Entomology, 54: 241-247. 
MATHIRAJAN, V. G., NATARAJAN, K., KUTTALAM, S., CHANDRASEKARAN, S. AND
REGUPATHI, A., 2000, Efficacy of Lambda-cyhalothrin (karate R) 5 EC against
brinjal shoot and fruit borer  (L  orbonalis). Pesticide Research Journal,  12 :            
117-119. 
MEHTA, D.N., SINGH, K.M. AND SINGH, R.N., 1979, Note on extent of damage by
Leucinodes omonalis Guenee. Bulletin of Entomology, 20: 115-116.  MISHRA, B.K., NAYAK, N. AND DAS, P.K., 1997, Biological control of sugarcane borer
through  Trichogramma chilon/'s  Ishii in Nayagarh District of Orissa.  Indian
Sugar, 48: 797-798. 
MISHRA, M. P. AND PAWAR, A. D., 1987, Biological control of early moth borer of sugarcane
by Trichogramma in North Bihar. Journal of Biological Control, 1 : 70-71.
MISHRA, V.K. AND CHAND, P., 1976,  Leucinodes orbonalis  as a pest of potato.
Entomologist Newsletter, 5: 24-25. 
MISHRA. N.C. AND MISHRA, S. N., 1996, Performance of brinjai varieties against fruit and
shoot borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guen. and Wilt. Fusarium oxysporum in the
N-E zone of Orissa. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 24 : 33-36 
MOHAN, N. J., 1985, Control of epilachna beetle and fruit borer on brinjal Pesticides, 19 :
32-33. 
MOHAN. N.J. AND PRASAD. V.G., 1986, Role of synthetic pyrethroids in the control of
brinjal pest, Indian Journal of Entomology, 46 : 179-182 
MOTE, U.N, 1976, Seasonal incidence and chemical control of brinjal shoot and fruit borer,
Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee. Vegetable Science, 3: 128-130. 
MOTE, U.N. AND BHAVIKATTI, S., 2001, Comparative efficacy of chemical pesticides with
biopesticides against major pests of brinjal in  kharif  season,  Proceeding of
Second National Symposium on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in
Horticulture Crops  :  New Molecules, Biopesticides and Environment,
Bangalore, 17-19 October, 2001, p. 56.  
MURALI KRISHNA, T., LAL, D. P., SRIVASTAVA, V. N. S. AND HANDA, S. K., 2002, Field
efficacy of different insecticides Bacillus thuringiensis var. kurstaki (Bt.), neem
and diflubenzuron for the control of shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis
Guen. on egg plant. Journal of Entomological Research, 26 : 43-49.
NAFUS, D. AND SCHREINER, I., 1986, Intercropping maize and sweet potatoes. Effects on
parasitization of  Ostrinia fumacalis  eggs  by  Trichogramma chilonis.
Agriculture Ecosystems and Environment, 15: 189-200. 
NAIR, R. K., 1967, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) as serious pest of
potato plant in Mysore state. Indian Journal of Entomology, 29: 96-97. 
NAITAM, N.R. AND MALI, A.K., 2001, IPM of brinjal pests using insecticide mixtures and
natural enemies. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystem, 7: 137-140. 
NANDIHALLI, B.S., KUBERAPPA, G.C. AND VISWANATHAPPA, K.R., 1996, Survey of
insect pests of potato in Hassan, Karnataka.  Mysore Journal of Agricultural
Sciences, 30: 138-141. 
NIMBALKAR, R.B. AND AJRI, D.S., 1981, Efficacy of synthetic pyrethroids and two newer
compounds against brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee.
Indian Journal of Entomology, 43: 202-204. 
NIRANJANAMURTHY, P.  AND NANDIHALLI, B. S., 2002, Crop loss estimation caused by L.
orbonalis Guene. in potato. Pest Management in Horticultural Ecosystem, 9 (1)
: 59-62.
PANDA, G. K., 1999, Screening of brinjal cultivars  for resistance to  Leucinodes orbonalis
Guen. Insect Environment, 4 : 145-146.
PANDA, N., MAHAPATRA, A. AND SAHOO, M., 1971, Field evaluation of some brinjal
varieties for resistance to shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis Guen.).  Indian
Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 41 (7) : 597-601.
PATEL, J.J., PATEL, B. H., MAGHODIA, A.B. AND BHALALA, M.K., 2001, Integration
tolerant variety and insecticides application for the management of jassids and
fruit borer infesting brinjal. Pestology, 25 : 56.  PATIL, B. V., BHEEMANNA, M. AND TULASIRAM, 1996, Bioeffcacy of cypermethrin dust
against brinjal shoot and fruit borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis Guene. Pestology,
20: 24-28. 
PATNAIK, H. P. AND SINGH, K. M., 1997, Efficacy of  Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner and
conventional insecticides against brinjal shoot and fruit borer under different
spraying schedules. Orissa Journal of Horticulture, 25 : 18-21.
PAWAR, D. B., KALE, P. N., AJRI, D.S. AND JAWANDE, K.E., 1987, Chemical control of
jassids, aphids and fruit borer of brinjal by synthetic pyrethroids  Journal of
Maharashtra Agricultural Universities, 12: 211-213 
PRASAD, G. S. AND LOGISWARAN, G., 1997, Influence of weather factors on population
fluctuation of insect pests on brinjal at Madurai, Tamil Nadu. Indian Journal of
Entomology, 59: 385-388. 
PURANIK, T. R., HADAPAD, A. B., SALUNKHE, G. N. AND POKHARKAR, D. S., 2002,
Management of shoot and fruit borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee through
Bacillus thuringiensis formulation on brinjal. Journal of Entomological Research,
26 : 229-232.
QURESHI, Q. G., MATHUR, M. N. AND SRIVASTAVA, R. C., 1998, Management of brinjal
shoot and fruit borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee, using  Bacillus
thuringiensis var. kurstaki. Proceedings of First National Symposium on Pest
Management in Horticultural Crops, IIHR, Bangalore, pp. 81-83. 
RADHIKA, S., DHARMA REDDY, K. AND SUBBARATHNAM, G.  V., 1997, Management
ofbrinjal shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee with insecticides.
Journal of Research ANGRA U, 25:            10-14. 
RAJA, J., RAJENDRAN, B. AND PAPPIAH, C. M., 1993, Management of egg plant shoot
and fruit borer  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee.  Proceedings of First National
Symposium on Pest Management in Horticultural Crops, IIHR, Bangalore, 15-
17 October, 1997, pp.        84-86. 
RAJA, J., RAJENDRAN, B., PAPPIAH, C. M., VERGHESE,  A. AND REDDY, P. P., 1998,
Management of egg plant, shoot and fruit borer  Leucinodes orbonalis Geun.
Advances in IPM for Horticultural Crops.  Proceedings of the First National
Symposium on Pest Management in Horticultural Crops : Environmental
Implications and Thrusts, Bangalore, India, 4 : 84-86.
RAJENDRA, P. N., ASHOKAN,  R.  AND SHARMA, D.C., 1991, New insecticides for the
control of brinjal shoot and fruit borer,  L. orbonalis. Indian Journal of Plant
Protection, 15: 139-142. 
RAO, N. G. V., MAJUMDAR, A., MANDAUKAR, A. D., NIMBALKAR, S. A. AND KUMAR, P.
A., 1999, Susceptibility of brinjal shoot and fruit borer to the delta endotoxins of
Bacillus thuringiensis. Current Science, 77 : 336-337.
REGHUNATH, P. O., NANDAKUMAR, C. AND MOHANDAS, N., 1990, Insecticidal control of
the insect pest complex of brinjal  Solanum melongena  L.  Indian Journal of
Entomology, 51 : 242-245. 
ROSAIAH, B., 2001, Evaluation of different botanicals against the pest complex of brinjal.
Pestology, 25: 14-16. 
ROY, D. C. AND PANDE, Y. D., 1994, Damage to brinjal by Lepidoptera: Pyralidae and
economic of its insecticidal control. Indian Journal of Agricultural Research, 28
: 110-120. 
SAIFUR RAHMAN, ZINNATUL ALAM, M., NASREENSULTANA, 2002, Effect of some
integrated pest management (IPM) packages against brinjal shoot and fruit
borer and its consequence on yield. Journal of Biological Sciences, 2 : 489-491.
SANGAPPA, N., 1999, Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer,  Leucinodes orbonalis
Guenee. M. Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad.  SARDANA, H. R., SUMITRA ARORA, SINGH, D. K. AND KADU, L. N., 2004, Development
and validation of adaptable IPM in egg plant,  S. melongena L. in a farmers
participatory approach. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 32 : 1 : 123-128.
SASIKALA, K., ARJUNA RAG, P. AND KRISHNAYYA, P. V., 1999, Comparative efficacy of
eco-friendly methods involving egg parasitoid,  Tn'chogramma japonicum,
mechanical control and safe chemicals against Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee
infesting brinjal. Journal of Entomological Research, 23: 369-372. 
SATPATHI,  CR.,  2001, Evaluation of the efficacy of few plant products against some
important insect pests of brinjal. Proceeding of Second National Symposium on
Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in Horticulture Crops  :  New Molecules,
Biopesticides and Environment, Bangalore, 17-19 October. 2001, pp. 8-11. 
SAWANT, N.C. AND DETHE. M.D., 2001, Efficacy of chlorpyrifos and chlorpyrifos-methyl
against pests of brinjal. Pestology, 25:        48-50. 
SAXENA, R. C., 1983, Naturally occurring pesticides and their potential. In:  Chemistry and
World Food Supplies, New Frontiers, pp.        143-161. 
SHAH, A. H., 1979, Field evaluation of some new insecticides against the brinjal shoot and
fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis. Indian Journal of Entomology, 41: 195-196. 
SHARMA, A. K. AND CHHIBBER, R. C., 1999, Effect of exposure periods and insecticides
on Leucinodes orbonalis in brinjal. Indian Journal of Entomology, 61: 242-251. 
SHARMA, V. K., 1998, Field response of brinjal cultivars against shoot and fruit borer,  L.
orbonalis Guen. Annals of Biology Ludhiana, 14: (2) : 199-201. 
SHOBHARANI, M. AND NANDIHALLI, B. S., 2004a, Seasonal incidence of potato shoot
borer, L. orbonalis Guene. The Andhra Agricultural Journal, 50: 504-505.
SHOBHARANI, M. AND NANDIHALLI, B. S., 2004b, Field  evaluation of botanicals against
potato shoot borer,  L. orbonalis Guene.  The Andhra Agricultural Journal, 50:
506-507.
SHOBHARANI, M. AND NANDIHALLI, B. S., 2004c, Role of Bt and Trichogramma chilonis
Ishii in the management of potato shoot borer, L. orbonalis Guene. The Andhra
Agricultural Journal, 50: 508-509.
SHOBHARANI, M., 2003, Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis Guene. M.
Sc. (Agri.) Thesis, University of Agricultural Sciences, Dharwad.     
SINGH, P. K., 2003, Control of brinjal shoot and fruit borer, L. orbonalis with combination of
insecticides and plant extracts. Indian Journal of Entomology, 65 (2) : 155-159.
SINGH, S. V. AND KAVADIA, V. S., 1989, Insecticidal schedule against the pest attacking
brinjal during pre-flowering stage. Indian Journal of Entomology, 51: 64-68. 
SINGH, S. V., SINGH, K.S. AND MALIK, Y. P., 2000, Seasonal abundance and economic
losses of shoot and fruit borer Leucinodes orbonalis on brinjal. Indian Journal
of Entomology, 62:           247-252. 
SINGH, Y. P. AND SINGH, P. P., 2001, Screening of brinjal (S. melongena L.) cultivars
against shoot and fruit borer (L. orbonalis G.) at medium high altitude hills of
Meghalaya. Indian Journal of Plant Protection, 29 (1&2) : 34-38.
SREENIVASA MURTHY, D., EDWARD RAJA, M. AND SHIVANNA, 2001, Economic
assessment of neem cake to management fruit borer in Brinjal Proceeding of
Second National Symposium on Integrated Pest Management (IPM) in
Horticulture Crops  :  New Molecules, Biopesticides and Environment,
Bangalore, 17-19 October, 2001, p. 13. 
SRINIVAS, S.V. AND CLEMENT PETER, 1993, Efficacy of certain new insecticide to the
brinjal shoot and fruit borer, Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee. Pestology, 17 : 36-37. 
SRINIVASAN, G. AND SUNDARABABU, P.C., 1998, Management of brinjal shoot and fruit
borer  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae) using neem
products and insectiddes.  Proceedings of First National Symposium on Pest
Management in Horticultural Crops, "HR, Bangalore, 15-17 October, 1997, pp.
87-93. 
SRINIVASAN, G., BABU, P. C. S., REDDY, P. P., KUMAR, N. K. K. AND VERGHESE, A.,
1998, Management of brinjal shoot and fruit borer  Leucinodes orbonalis
(Lepidoptera : Pyralidae) using neem products and insecticides. Advances in
IPM for Horticultural Crops,  Proceedings of the First national Symposium on
Pest Management in Horticultural Crops : Environmental Implications and
Thrusts, Bangalore, India, 13 : 87-93.
SRINIVASAN, M.R. AND RABINDRA, R.J., 2001, Bioefficacy of new molecule against brinjal
shoot and fruit borer. Proceeding of Second National Symposium on Integrated
Pest Management (IPM) in Horticulture Crops .. New Molecules, Biopesticides
and Environment, Bangalore, 17-19 October, 2001, pp. 249-250. 
SRINIVASAN, P. M. AND BASHEER, M., 1961, Research note : some borer resistant brinjal.
Indian Farming, 11 : 19.
SUNILKUMAR GHOSH AND SENAPATI, S. K., 2001, Evaluation of brinjal varieties
commonly grown in terai region of west Bengal against pest complex.  Crop
Research, 21(2) : 157-163.
TEWARI, G. C. AND KRISHNA MOORTHY, P. N., 1985, Field response of egg plant
varieties to infestation by shoot and fruit borer.  Indian Journal of Agricultural
Sciences, 53 (2) : 82-84.
TEWARI, G. C. AND MOORTHY, P.N.K., 1983, Effectiveness of synthetic pyrethroids
against the pest complex of brinjal. Entomon, 8: 365-368. 
TEWARI, G.C., KUMAR, N.K.K. AND MOORTHY, P.N.K., 1984, Optimising the dose and
spray intervals of synthetic pyrethroids against brinjal fruit and shoot borer,
Leucinodes orbonalis. Entomon, 9: 197-200. 
THANKI, K.V. AND PATEL, J.R., 1988, Seasonal incidence of shoot and fruit borer
(Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee) on eggplant (Solanum melongena) in Gujarat.
Indian Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 58: 867-868. 
TRIPATHI, M.K. AND SENAPATI, B., 1998, Seasonal incidence of Leucinodes orbonalis .in
relation to weather parameters and crop growth stage of brinjal at
Bhubaneswar, Orissa. Orissa Journal of Horticulture. 26: 37-41. 
TRIPATHI, M.K., SENAPATI, B. AND PATRA, R., 1996, Seasonal incidence and population
fluctuation of  Leucinodes orbonalis  Guenee at Bhubaneshwar, Orissa.  Pest
Management and Economic Zoology. 4: 15-18 . 
URS, K. C. D., 1987, Prospects of indigenous plant  products as future alternative to
conventional pesticides.  Proceedings of Symposium on Alternative
Insecticides, pp. 195-202. 
VERMA, G. C., RATUL, H. S., SHENHMAR, M., SINGH, S. P. AND JALALI, S. K., 1991,
Role of inundative release of egg parasitoid Trichogramma chilonis Ishii in the
control of sugarcane borer in Dudgeon on sugarcane Journal of Insect Science,
4 : 165-166. 
WALUNJ, A.R., MOTE, U.N., DESAI, A.C. AND PARIKH, K.M., 1996, Bioefficacy of ZA- 199,
a neem based insecticide against brinjal shoot and fruit borer. Pestology, 20:
20-21. 
WALUNJ, A.R., PAWAR, S.A. AND DAREKAR, K.S., 1998, Bioefficacy of new combinations
insecticides against shoot and fruit borer of brinjal. Pestology, 22 : 5-6.  YIN, R. G., 1993, Bionomics of Leucinodes orbonalis Guenee and its control. Entomological
Knowledge, 30 : 91-92.
Abbad, A., A. El-Hadrami, I. El-Hadrami and Benchaabane, 2004.  Atriplex helimus
(Chenopodiaceae). A helophytic species for restoration and rehabilitation
of saline degraded lands. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 7: 1085-1093. 
Salam, A. 1992. Physiological/Genetic studies on the aspects of salt tolerance in wheat
(Triricum aestivum L.) Ph.D. thesis, University of Wales, Bangor.
Adams, P. and L. C. Ho. 1995. Uptake and distribution of nutrients in relation to tomato
fruit quality. Acta Horticulture, 412: 374-387.
Agarwal, P. B., A. K. Sinha and B. R. Yadav. 2003.  Performance of gram (Cicer
arientinum) and Indian mustard (Brassica juncia) as inter row crops with
wheat (Triticum aestivum) under different moisture and salinity levels. Ind.
J. Agric. Sci., 73(3): 129-133.
Ahmad, S., M. Ashraf and M.D. Khan. 2002. Intra-specific variation for salt toleranc in
cotton (Gossypium hirsutum  L.).pp.199-207. In: Ahmad, R. and K.A.
Malik, (eds). Prospects for Saline Agriculture. Kluwer Acad. Publ.,
Dordrecht, the Netherlands.
Ahmad, I., and S.J. Wainwright, 1977. Tolerance of  salt, partial an-aerobiosis, and
osmotic stress in Agrostis stolonifera, New Phytol., 79:605-612.
Ahmad, L. U., A.S. Mohiuddin, B. Faiz, A.K. Hussain and K.R. Islam. 1990. Effects of
saline water on seedling emergence of some rice cultivars of Bangladesh.
J. Ind. Soc. Soil Sci., 38:183-185.
Ahmad, N., R. H. Qureshi, R.D. Khan and A. Ghani. 1983. Screening of cotton varieties
against salinity. I. At germination stage. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., 20(3-4): 167-
172.
Ahmad, R. and Z. Abdullah. 1997. Saline agriculture under desert conditions. In: A
Bishay and W.G. McGinners (Editors), Advances in Desert and Arid Land
Technology and Development. Hard Wood Academic Publishers, New
York: pp. 593-618.
Ahsan, M., I. Khaliq and S.S. Mehdi. 2000. Physio-genetic and breeding aspects of
salinity tolerance in bread wheat: A review: Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 3(9):1354-
1363.
Ahsan, M., and D. Wright and D.S. Virk. 1996. Genetic analysis of salt tolerance in
spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Cereal Research Communication,
24(3):353-360.
Akbar, M., T. Yabuno and S.Nakao. 1972. Breeding for saline resistant varieties of rice. I.
Variability for salt tolerance among some rice varieties. Japan. J. Breed.,
22: 272-284.
Akhtar S, A.Wahid and E, Rasul.  2003. Emergence, growth and nutrient composition of
sugarcane sprouts under NaCl salinity. Biol. Plant., 46(1):113-116. 
Akhtar, J. and F.M. Azhar. 2001. Response of Gossypium hirsutum L. hybrids to NaCl
                         salinity at seedling stage. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 3: 233–35.
Akhtar, J., M.A. Haq, K. Ahmad, M. Saqib and M. A.  Saeed. 2005. Performance of
cotton genotypes under saline conditions. Caderno de Pesquisa Ser. Bio.,
17(1): 29-36.
Akhtar, M. 2005. Cotton production in Pakistan and  role of trading corporation of
Pakistan in price stabilization. ICAC. Research associate program.
Washington DC. New York. Memphis 10-19 May.
Aksel, R. and L.P.V. Johnson. 1963. Analysis of a diallel crosses: A worked example.
Advancing Frontiers. Plant Sci., 2:37-53.
Ali, Y., Z. Aslam. 2004. A high yielding and salt tolerant new cotton variety –NIAB-999.
Int. J. Biol. & Biot., 1(2): 181-185.
Ali, Y., Z. Aslam, F. Hussain and A. Shakur. 2004.  Genotypic and environmental
interaction cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L.) for yield and disease resistance.
Inter. J. Environ. Sci. Tech., 1(2): 127-133.
Ali, Z., A.S. Khan, F. M. Azhar and I.A. Khan. 2007. Genotypic variation in salinity
tolerance among spring and winter wheat (Triticum aestivum  L.)
accessions. South African J.  Bot., 73:70-75. 
Ali, Z., A.S. Khan, I.A. Khan and F. M. Azhar. 2005. Effects of NaCl on root growth and
ionic relations of wheat. J. Agri. Soc. Sci., 1(2):123-25.
Al-Khatib, M., T. McNeilly and J.C. Collins, 1994.  Between and within cultivar
variability in salt tolerance in lucerne (Medicago sativa  L.). Gene. Res. 
Crop Evol., 41: 159–64.
An, P., S. Inanaga, A. Lux, X. J. Li, M.E. K. Ali,  T. Matsui and Y. Sugimoto. 2002.
Effects of salinity and relative humidity on two melon cultivars differing
in salt tolerance. Biol. Plant, 45(3):409-415.
Anonymous. 2002. Economic Survey of Pakistan. Govt. of Pakistan, Finance Division,
Economic Advisor’s Wing, Islamabad.
Anonymous. 2003. Economic Survey of Pakistan.  Govt. of Pakistan, Finance Division,
Economic Advisor’s Wing, Islamabad. 
Apse, M. P., G. S. Aharon, W. A. Snedden and E. Blumwald. 1999. Salt tolerance
confirmed by over expression of a vacuolar Na+/H+ in Arabidopsis. Science, 285: 1256-1258.
Ashour, N.I. and A.M. Abd.El-Hamid. 1970. Relative salt tolerance of Egyptian cotton
varieties during germination and early seedlings development, 33:493-495.
Ashraf, M. 1994. Genetic variation for salinity tolerance in spring wheat. HereditasLandskrona, 12(2):99-104.
Ashraf, M. and E. Rasul. 1988. Salt tolerance of mung bean (Vigna radiata (L.) Willczek
at two growth stages. Plant Soil, 100:63-67. 
Ashraf, M. and H. Fatima.1994. Intra-specific variation for salinity tolerance linseed
(Linum usitatissimum L.). J. Agron. Crop Sci., 173:193-203.
Ashraf, M. and J.W.O’Leary.1996. Responses of some  newly evolved salt tolerant
genotypes of spring wheat to salt stress. I. Yield  components and ion
distribution. J. Agron. Crop Sci., 176: 91-101.
Ashraf, M. and R. Noor. 1993. Growth and pattern of ion uptake in Eruca sativa Mill.
under salt stress. Angewandte Botanik., 67(1/2):17-21. (Plant Breed.
Absts.), 65(2):3140; 1995.
Ashraf, M. and S. Ahmad. 1999. Exploitation of inter-specific genetic variation for
improvement of salt (NaCl) tolerance in upland cotton (Gossypium
hirsutum L.). Hereditas, 131(3):253-256.
Ashraf, M. and S. Ahmad. 2000a. Genetic effects for gene components and fibre
characteristics in upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) cultivated under
salinized (NaCl) conditions. Agronomie, 20(8):917-926.
Ashraf, M. and S. Ahmad. 2000b. Influence of sodium chloride on ion accumulation,
yield components and fibre characteristics in salt  tolerance and saltsensitive lines of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Field Crops Res.,
66(2):115-127.
Ashraf. M. 2002. Exploitation of genetic variation for improvement of salt tolerance in
spring wheat. In: Ahmad, R. and K.A. Malik (ed.) Prospects for Saline
Agriculture. Pp.113-121.
Ayers, A.D., J.W. Brown and C.H. Wadleigh. 1952.  Salt tolerance of barley and wheat in
soil receiving several salinization regimes. Agron J., 44:307-310.
Azaizeh, H. and E. Stendele. 1991. Effects of salinity on water transport of excised maize
root zone. Plant Physiol., 97: 1136-1146.
Azhar F.M., A. A. Khan and N. Saleem. 2007. Genetic mechanism controlling salt
tolerance in Gossypium hirsutum L. seedlings. Pak. J. Bot., 39(1):115-121. 
Azhar, F.M. and T. McNeilly. 1987. Variability for salt tolerance in Sorghum bicolor (L.)
Moench under hydroponic conditions. J. Agron Crop Sci., 159:269-277.
Azhar, F.M. and T. McNeilly. 1988.  The genetic basis of variation for salt tolerance in
Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench seedlings. Plant Breed., 101: 114-121.
Azhar, F.M. and T. McNeilly. 1989. The response of four sorghum accessions/cultivars to
salinity during plant development. J. Agron. Crop Sci., 163: 33–43.
Azhar, F.M. and T. McNeilly. 2000. Grain yield and  ionic relations of four sorghum
accessions grown in NaCl salinity. Int. J. Agri. & Biol., 3:226-231.
Azhar, F.M. and T. McNeilly. 2001. Variation in responses of  sorghum bicolor  (L.)
Moench accessions to the effect of NaCl + CaCl2 and NaCl alone. Pak. J.
Agri. Sci., 38: 25–28.
Azhar, F.M. and T.M. Khan. 1997. The responses of nine sorghum genotypes to NaCl
salinity at early growth stages. J.Ani.Pl.Sci., 7(1-2):29-31.
Azhar, F.M. and A. Raza. 2000. Variation and heritability of salinity tolerance in upland
cotton at early stage of plant development. Pak. J. Biol. Sci., 3:191-3.
Azhar, F.M., S.S. Hussain and I. Mahmood. 1998. Heterotic response of F1  sorghum
hybrids to NaCl salinity at early stage of plant growth. Pak. J. Sci. Ind.
Res., 41(1):50-53.
Balibrea, M.D., Dell Amico, J. Bolarin, and M.C. Perez-Alfocea. 2000. Carbon
partitioning and sucrose metabolism in tomato plants growing under
salinity. Physiol. Plant, 110:503-511.
Barrett-Lennard, E.G. 1986. Effects of water logging on the growth and NaCl uptake by
vascular plants under saline conditions. Reclam. Reveget. Res., 5:245-261.
Bates, L.S, R.P. Waldren and I.D.Tear. 1973. Rapid  determination of free proline for
water stress studies. Plant Soil, 39: 205-207.
Bernal, C. T., F.I. Binghum and J. Dertli. 1993. Salt tolerance of Mexican wheat. II.
Relation to variable sodium chloride and length of  growing season. Soil
Sci. Soc. Amer. Proc., 38:777-778.
Bernstein, L. 1961. De-salination Res. Conf. Natl. Acad. Sci. Natl.Res.Council Pub., 942:
273-283.
Berstein, N., W. K. Silk and A. Lauchli. 1995. Growth and development of sorghum
leaves under conditions of NaCl stress: possible role of some mineral
elements in growth   inhibition.  Planta, 196: 699–705.
Bhatti, M. A. and F.M. Azhar. 2002. Salt tolerance  of nine G.hirsutum L. varieties to
NaCl salinity at early stage of plant development. Int. J.  Agri. Bio., 4(4):
544-546.
Bhatti, M. A., F. M. Azhar and A. W. Alvi. 2006. Estimation of Additive, Dominance and
Epistatic components of cotton grown in salinized conditions. Int. J. Agri. 
Bio., 08 (6): 624-627.
Bhatti, M.A., Z. Ali., A. Rakha and A.R. Jamali. 2004. Screening of wheat lines for
salinity tolerance. Int. J. Agri. Biol., 06(4):627-628.
Bhutta, W.M., M. Ibrahim, J. Akhtar, A. Shahzad, T. Haq and M.A. Haq. 2004.
Comparative performance of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.) genotypes
against NaCl salinity. Caderno de Pesquisa Ser. Bio., 16(1): 7-18.
Blum. A. 1998. Improving wheat grain filling under stress by stem reserve mobilization.
Euphytica, 100: 77-83. doi: 10.1023/A:1018303922482.
Bottger, M. 1978. Levels of endogenous indol-3-acetic acid and abscisic acid during the
course of formation of roots. Z. Pflanzenphysiol, 86:283-6.
Bradshaw, A.D., and K. Hardwick. 1989. Evolution and stress–Genotypic and phenotypic
components. Biol. J. Linn. Soc., 37: 137-155. 
Bray EA, Bailey-Serres J, Weretilnyk E. 2000. Responces to abiotic stresses. In:
Gruissem W, Buchannan B, Jones R (eds.) Biochemistry and Molecular
Biology of Plants. American Society of Plant Physiologists, Rockville,
MD, pp 1158-1249.
Castorena, M.V., A. L. Ulery, E.A.C. Valencia an M.D. Remmenga. 2003. Salinity and
nitrogen rate effects on the growth and yield of chili pepper plants. Soil
Sci. Soc. Am. J., 67: 1781-1789.
Chen, Deming., Yu, Renpei., D. M. Chen and R.P. Yu. 1996. Studies on relative and salt
tolerance of crops. Acta. Ped. Sin., 33(2): 121-128.
Chhipa, B.R. and P. Lal. 1995. Na/K ratios as the basis of salt tolerance in wheat. Aust. J.
Agri. Res., 46:533-539.
Czembor, J.H., 2000. Resistance to powdery mildew in populations of barley from
Morocco. Genetic Reso. Crop Evol., 47: 439–49.
Dakir, E.H., M.L. Ruiz, P.Garcia and M. Perez de la Vega. 2002. Genetic variability
evoluation in Moroccan collection of barley,  Hardium vulgare L. by
means of storage proteins and RAPDs. Genetic Crop Evol., 49: 619-31.
Delgada, M.J., Ligero, F., Lluch, C. 1994. Effects of salt stress on growth and nitrogen
fixation by pea, feba-bean, common bean and soybean plants, Soil Biol,
Biochem., 26, 371-376.
Dewey, D.R. 1960. Salt tolerance of twenty five strains of Agropyron. Agron. J., 52:631-
635.
Doyle, J.J. and Doyle, J.L. 1990. Isolation of plant DNA from fresh tissue. Focus, 12:13-
15.
Dubey, R.S. 1993. Protien synthesis by plants under stress. In: Handbook of Plant and
Crop Stress. (M. Pessarakl ed.) Marcel dekker, New York, PP. 277-299.
Edward, P., L. Glenn, J. Brown and W. O. James. 1998. Irrigation crops with sea water.
Scientific American, 211: 56-61.
Eker, S. G. Comertpay, O. Konufikan, A. C. Ulger, L. Ozturk and S. Cakman. 2006.
Effects of Salinity Stress on Dry Matter Production and Ion Accumulation
in Hybrid maize Varieties. Turk. J. Agric., 30:365-373.
Elich, A., D. Gelfand & J.J. Sninsky. 1991. Recent  advances in polymerase chain
reaction. Science, 252: 1643.
Endrizzi, J. E. 1962. The use of telocentric chromosomes in linkage mapping in cotton.
(Abst.) Texas J. Sci. 14:47M28. -1963. Genetic analysis of six primary
monosomes and one tertiary monosome in Gossypium hirsutum. Genetics,
48: 1625-1633.
Epstein, E. 1980.  Responses of plants to saline environments. In Genetic Engineering of
Osmoregulation. Eds. Rains, D.W., Valentine R.C. & Hollaender Pellenum
Press, New York, USA, Pp: 293-309 
Epstein, E., J.D. Norlyn, D.W. Rush, R.W. Kingsbury, D.B. Kelley and G.A.
Cunningham.1980. Saline Culture of Crops: A genetic approach. Science,
210: 399-404 
Evans, L.T. 1998. Feeding the Ten Billion. Cambridge University Press, Pp.247 
Falconer, D.S. and T.F.C. Mackay. 1996. Introduction to Quantitative Genetics. Chapman
and Hall, London.
Farooq, S., and Farooq-E-Azam. 2001. Co-existence of salt and drought tolerance in
Tritiaceae. Heredites (Lund), 135:205-210.
FAO. 2005. Global network in integrated soil management for sustainable use of salt
affected soils. Rome, Italy, FAO Land and plant Nutrition Management
Service. http://www.fao.org/ag/agl/agll/spush
Flowers, T.J. and A. R. Yeo. 1995. Breeding for salinity resistance: where next ? Aust. J.
Pl.Physiol., 22:875-884.  
Flowers, T.J., P.F. Troke, and A.R. Yeo. 1977. The  mechanism of salt tolerance in
halophytes. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol., 28:89-121.
Foolad, M. R. 1996. Genetic analysis of salt tolerance during vegetative growth in
tomato, Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. Pl. Breed., 115:245-250.
Foolad, M.R. and Chen, F.Q. 1998. RAPD markers ssociated with salt tolerance in an
interspecific cross of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum  x  L. pennellii).
Plant Cell Reports, 17:306-312. 
Francois, L. E. 1996. Salinity effect on four sunflower hybrids. Agron. J., 88:215-219.
Francois, L. E., T. J. Donovan, K. Lorenz and E.V. Maas. 1989. Salinity effects on rye
grain yield, quality, vegetative growth, and emergence. Agron. J., 81:707-
712. 
Fredrickson, D.L. and E. Epstein. 1975. Genetically controlled differences in salt
tolerance of two species of tomato. Plant Physiol., 56(Suppl.2):4. 
Gad-El-Hak, M. 1966. Breeding a new variety of rice adapted to recently reclaim saline
soils. Agric. Res. Rev., (Cairo) 44:1-13.
Gepts P. The use of molecular and biochemical markers in crop evolution studies. In:
Evolutionary Biology, V27.1993 Edited by: MK Hecht, et al. Plenum
Press, NY. 
Ghassemi, F., A. J., Jakeman and H.A. Nix. 1995. Salinization of Land and Water
Resources. University of New South Wales Press Ltd, Caberra, Ausralia. 
Gill, K. S. and S. Kumar. 1999. Effects of salinity on germination, seedling growth and
salt tolerance indices in cotton (Gossypium spp.). Appl. Biol. Res., 1(2):
117-120.
Glenn, E.P., J. J. Brown and E. Blumwald. 1999. Salt tolerance and crop potential of
halophytes. Crit. Rev. Plant Sci., 18: 277-255. 
Glenn, E.P., J. W. O’ Leary, M.C. Watson, T.L. Thompson and R.O. Kuehl. 1991.
Salicornia bigclovii Torr. An oilseed halophyte for sea water irrigation.
Scince, 251: 1065-1067. 
Gorham, J. and R. G. Wyn Jones and E. McDonnell. 1985. Some mechanisms of salt
tolerance in crop plants. Plant Soil, 89:15-40.
Gorham, J., E. McDonnell, and R.G. Wyne Jones. 1984. Pinitol and other solutes in saltstressed Sesbania aculeata Z. Pflanzenphys, 114:173-178.
Gottschalk, W. 1981. Mutation: Higher Plants. Prog. Bot., 43:139-152.
Gratten, S.R. and C.M. Grieve. 1992. Mineral element acquision and growth response of
plants grown in saline environments. Agric. Ecosys. Environ., 38:275-300.
Gregorio, G.B., and Senadhira. 1993. Genetic analysis of salinity tolerance in rice. Theor.
Appl. Gen., 86:333-338.
Greenway, H., and R. Munns. 1980. Mechanisms of salt tolerance in non-halophytes.
Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol., 31:149-190.
Grieve CM. & Fujiyama H. 1987. The response of two rice cultivars to external Na/Ca
ratio. Plant and Soil, 103:245-250.
Haiyuan, D., Z. Gengyun, G. Yan, C. Shaolin and C. Shouyi. 1998. RAPD tagging of salt
tolerant genes in rice. Chinese Sci. Bull., 43:330-32.
Hajibagheri, M. A., D.M.R. Harvey and T.J. Flowers. 1987. Quantitative ion distribution
within root cells of salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant maize varieties. New
Phytol., 105:367-379.
Hannon, N., and A.D. Bradshaw. 1968. Evolution of salt tolerance in two co-existing
species of grass. Nature, 220:1342-1343.
Haq, T., K. Mahmood, A. Shahzad and J. Akhtar. 2003. Tolerance potential of wheat cv.
LU-26S to high salinity and water logging interaction. Int. J. Agri. Biol.,
5(2):162-165.
Hashim, M., R.A. Jones and A.S. El-Beltagy. 1986. Comparative responses to high
salinity between salt-sensitive and salt-tolerant genotypes of the tomato.
Acta Hort., 190:533-543.
Hassan, A.A. and I.A.M. Desouki. 1982. Tomato evaluation and selection for sodium
chloride tolerance. Egypt. J. Hort., 9:153-162.
Hassan, A.A. H.H. Nassar, M. A. Barkat and M.S. Tolba. 1999. Tomato breeding for
salinity tolerance. III. Genentics of tolerance. Egypt. J. Hort., 26(3):391-
403.
Hayman, B.I. 1954a. The theory and analysis of diallel crosses. Genetics, 39:789-809.
Hayman, B.I. 1954b. The analysis of variance of diallel tables. Biometrics, 10:235-244.
Hilal, M., A. M. Zenoff, G. Ponessa, H. Moreno, E. D. Massa. 1998. Saline Stress Alters
TheTemporal Patterns of Xylem Differentiation and Alternative Oxidative
Expression in Developing Soybean Roots. Plant Physiol., 117, 695-701.
Hoffman, A.A. and P.A. Parsons. 1991. Evolutionary Genetics and Environmental Stress
Oxford Uni. Press, New York, USA. 
Hollington, P.A. 1998. Technological break throughs in screening/breeding wheat
varieties for salt tolerance. In: National Confernce on “Salinity
Management in Agriculture”. CSSRI, Karnal India.
Hsiao, T. C. 1973. Plant responses to water stress, Annu. Rev. Plant Physiol., 24: 519. 
Iqbal, M.A., N, Ahmad and G. Jilani. 1995. Performance of cotton genotypes under
different salinity levels. III-Ionic composition. J. Agric. Res., 33(2-3):159-
166.
Iram, S., M. Ashraf and S. Masood. 1998. Screening of rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm
for NaCl salinity tolerance. Pak. J. Soil Sci., 15: 78-83.
Isla, R., Royo and R. Aragues. 1997. Field screening of barley cultivars to soil salinity
using sprinkler and drip irrigation system. Plant Soil, 197:105-117.
Jafri, A.Z. and R. Ahmad. 1994. Plant growth and ionic distribution in cotton (Gossypium
hirsutum L.) under saline environment. Pak. J. Bot., 26(1):105-114.
Jamil, M., C. C. Lee, S.U. Rehman, D. B. Lee, M. Ashraf and E. S. Rha. 2005. Salinity
(NaCl) tolerance of  Brassica species at germination and early seedling
growth. EJEAFChe, 4(4): 970-976.
Jeschke, W.D. 1984. K
+
-Na
+
exchange at cellular membranes, intracellular
compartmentation of cations and salt tolerance. In: Staples, R. C. and G.
A. Toenniessen (Eds.), Salinity Tolerance in Plants-Strategies for Crop
Improvement. Pp37-66. Jhon Wiley & Sons, New York, USA.
Jinks, J.L. 1954. The analysis of continuous variation in a diallel cross of  Nicotiana
rustica (L) varieties. Genetics, 39:767-788.
Jobes, J.A., G.J. Hoffman and J.D. Wood. 1981. Leaching requirement for salinity
control. II. Oat, wheat, tomato and cauliflower. Agric. Water Mgnt., 4:393-
407.
Kalaji, M.H. and Pietkiewicz, S. 1993. Salinity effects on plant growth and other
physiological processes. Acta Physiol. Plant, 15: 89-124.
Kamal, A., M. S. Qureshi, M. Y. Ashraf and M. Hussain. 2003. Salinity induced changes
in some growth and physiochemical aspects of two soybeans [Glycine max
(L.) Merr.] genotypes. Pak. J. Bot., 35(1):93-97.
Kaminiski, R. 1977. Variability and heritability of morphological and physiological
characters in potato. Genet. Poli., 18:115-123.
Kao, W.Y., TSAI, H.C. & TSAI, T.T. 2001. Effects of NaCl and Nitrogen availability on
growth and photosynthesis of seedlings of a magrove species,  Kandelia
candel (L.). Druce. J. Plant Physiol., 158: 841-846.
Karp, A, Kresovich, S, Bhat, KV, Ayad, WG and Hodgkin, T. 1997. Molecuolar tools in
plant genetic resources conservation: a guide to the technologies, IPGRI
Technical Bulletin No 2., IPGRI, Rome Italy.
Kebebew, F., and T. McNeilly. 1996. The genetic basis of variation in salt tolerance in
pearl millet, Pennisetum americanum (L.) Leeke. J. Genet. Breed., 50:129-
136.
Kent, L.M. and A. Lauchli. 1985. Germination and seedling growth of cotton:  salinitycalcium interactions. Plant cell Environ., 8:115-159.
Khan, A. N. 1987. Mechanism of salt tolerance in cotton. Ph.D. Thesis, Dept. Soil Sci.,
Univ. Agric. Faisalabad, Pakistan.
Khan, A. N., R. H. Qureshi, and N. Ahmad. 2004. Salt tolerance of cotton cultivars in
relation to relative growth rate in saline environments. Int. J. Agri. Biol.,
06(5):786-787. 
Khan, A.A. and T. McNeilly. 2000. Genetic analysis  of aluminium and manganese
tolerance in maze (Zea mayz L.). J.Genet. Breed., 54:245-249.
Khan, A.A., T. McNeilly and F.M. Azhar. 2001. Stress tolerance in Crop Plants.
Reiew:Int. J. Agri. Biol., 3(2):250-255.
Khan, A.A., T. McNeilly and J. C. Collins. 2000. Accumulation of amino acids, proline,
and carbohydrates in response to aluminium and manganese stress in
maize. J. Pl. Nutr., 23:1303-14.
Khan, A.H., and C. Marshal. 1981. Salt tolerance of chewing fescue (Festuca rubra L.)
Comm. Soil. Sci. Pl. Analysis, 12:1271-1281.
Khan, A.S., M.A. Asad and Z. Ali. 2003. Assessment  of Genetic variability for NaCl
tolerance in wheat. Pak. J. Agri. Sci., 40(1):33-36.
Khathar, D. and M. S. Kuhad. 1999. Stage sensitivity of wheat cultivars to short term
salinity stress. Ind. J. Plant Physiol., 5:26-31.
Khatun, S., and T. J. Flowers. 1995. Effects of salinity on seed set in rice. Plant, Cell and
Environ., 18:61-87. 
Kimber, G. 1961. Basis of diploid like meiotic behavior of polyploidy cotton. Nature,
19:98-100.
Kingsbury, R. W., and E. Epstein. 1984. Selection for salt tolerance spring wheat. Crop
Sci., 24:310-315.
Kuiper, P.J.C. 1984. Functioning of plant cell membranes under saline conditions:
Membrane lipids composition and ATPases. In: Staples, R.C. and G.H.
Toeniessen (Ed.), Salinity Tolerance in Plants-Strategies for Crop
Improvement. Jhon Wiley & Sons, New York. Pp. 77-91.
Larkin, P.J. W. R. Scowcroft. 1981. Somaclonal variation–a noval source of variability
from cell culture for plant improvement. Theor. Appl. Gene., 60:197-214.
Lauchli, A., and E. Epstein. 1990. Plant responses to saline and sodic conditions. In: K.K.
Tanji. (ed). Agricultural Salinity Assessment and Manangement. Pp 113-
37. ASCE, New York.
Lawrence, M.J. 1984. The genetical analyses of ecological traits. In: Evolutionary
Ecology, Pp. 27-63. Blackwell Sci. Pubi., Oxford, London, Edinburgh.
Lee, K.S., Choi, W.Y., Ko, J.C., Kim, T.S., Gregorio, G.B. 2003. Salinity tolerance of
japonica and  indica rice (Oryza sativa  L.) at the seedling stage. Planta 
216:1043–1046.
Leidi, E. O. and J. F. Saiz. 1997. Is salinity tolerance related to Na
+
 accumulation in
upland cotton seedling? Plant and Soil, 190(1):67-75.
Leim, A.S.N., A. Hindriks, H. Kraal and M. Loenen.  1985. Effects of deicing salt on
roadside grasses and herbs. Plant & Soil, 84:299-310.
Levitt, J. 1972. Response of plants to environmental stresses. Pp.697. Academic Press.
New York.
Levitt, J. 1980. Chilling, Freezing, and High Temperature Stresses. Academic Press.
London.
Lin, C. C. and C. H. Kao. 1995. NaCl stresses in rice seedlings- the influence of calcium
on root growth Bulletin of Academic Sinica, 36(1):41-45.
Lin, H., S.S. Salus and K.S. Schumaker. 1997. Salt sensitivity and the activities of the H
+
ATPases in cotton seedlings. Crop Sci., 37(1):190-197.
Liu, JinDing., Ye WuWei and Fan BaoXiang. 1998. Research on stress resistance in
cotton and its utilization in China. China Cottons, 25(3):5-6.
Lutts, S. and G. Guerrier. 1995. Peroxidase activities of two rice cultivars differing in
salinity tolerance as affected by proline and NaCl. Biol. Plant, 37:577-586.
Lutts, S., J.M. Kinet and J. Bouharmont. 1996. Effects of salt stress on growth, mineral
nutrition and proline accumulation in relation to osmotic adjustment in rice
(Oryza sativa  L.) cultivars differing in salinity resistance. Plant Growth
Regul., 19:207-218.
Lyenger, E.R.R. and M.P. Reddy. 1996. Photosynthesis in highly salt-tolerant plants In:
M. Pesserkali, Editors, Handbook of photosynthesis, Marshal Dekar, Baten
Rose, USA pp. 897-909.
Maas, E. V. 1993. Salinity and Citriculture. Tree Physiol., 12: 195-216.
Maas, E. V., 1986. Salt tolerance of plants. Appl. Agri.Res., 1:12-26.
Maas, E.V. and G.J. Hoffman. 1977. Crop salt tolerance-current assessment.
J.Irrig.Drainage Div. ASCE, 103(IR2).115-134.
Maas, E.V., G.J. Hoffman, G.D. Chaba, J.A. Poss and M.C. Shannon.1983. Salt
sensitivity of corn at various growth stages. Irrig. Sci., 4:45-57.
Maas, E.V., J.A. Poss and G.J. Hoffman. 1986. Salinity tolerance of sorghum at three
growth stages. Irrig. Sci., 7:1-11.
Maas, E.V., Nieman, R.H. 1978. Physiology of plant tolerance to salinity. In: Jung, G.A.
(Ed.), Crop Tolerance to Suboptimal Land Conditions. Pp 277-299. A
pecial publ. 32, Amer. Sci., 34:1594-1603.
Madidi, S.E., Baroudi, B.E. and Aameur, F.B. 2004. Effects of salinity on germination
and early growth of barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) Cultivars. Int. J. Agric.
Biol., 6:767-770. 
Malik, M.N. and M. I. Makhdum. 1987. Salinity tolerance of cotton cultivars (Gossypium
hirsutum L.) at germination. Pak. J. Res., 31(2):171-74.
Mano, Y. and K. Takeda. 2001. Genetic resources of salt tolerance at germination and
seedling stage in wheat. Japanese J. Crop Sci., 70(2):215-220.
Martinez, V. & Lauchli, A. 1991. Phosphorus translocation in salt-stressed cotton.
Physiol, Plant, 83; 627-632.
Mather, K. 1973. Genetic Structure of Populations. Chapman and Hall, London.
Mather, K. and J. L. Jinks. 1982. Bio-metrical Genetics. 3
rd
 Ed. Chapman and hall,
London.
McWilliam, J.R. 1986. The national and international importance of drought and salinity
on agricultural problems. Ausd. J. Physiol., 13:1-13.
Meiri, A. and Poljakoff-Mayber, A. 1970. Effects of various salinity regimes on growth,
leaf expansion and transpiration rate of bean plants. Soil Sci., 109:26-34.
Miller, K., Rosenbaum, J., Zbrzezna, V., Pogo, A.O. 1989. The nucleotide sequence of
Drosophila melanogaster copia-specific 2.1-kb mRNA. Nucleic Acids
Res., 17(1): 2134.
Misra, A.N., B. Murmu, P. Singh and M. Misra 1996. Growth and proline accummulation
in mung bean seedlings as affected by sodium chloride, Biol. Plant,
38:531-536.
Millihollon, E. P., D.R. Gossett, M.C. Lucas, M.M. Morney and T.M. Moreau. 1993.
Vertical response of cotton plants and corresponding cell cultures to NaCl
stress. Proceedings, Beltwide cotton conferences, 10-14 Jan:1281-1282.
Moeljopawiro, S., and H. Ikehhashi. 1981. Inheritance of salt tolerance in rice. Euphytica.
30:291-300.
Morgan, J.M. 1977. Differences in osmoregulation between wheat genotypes. Nature
270:234-235.
Mujtaba, S.M., S. Mughal and M.H. Naqvi. 2003. Reclamation of saline soils through
biological approaches. Business Recorder, June 2003.
Mullis, K.B. 1990. The unusual origin of the Polymerase Chain Reaction. Scientific
American. April,:36-43. 
Multani, D.S. and B.R. Lyon. 1995. Genetic finger printing of Australian cotton cultivars
with RAPD markers. Genome, 38:1005-1008.
Munns, R, D.P. Schachtman and A.G. Condon. 1995. The significance of a two phase
growth response to salinity in wheat and barley. Aust. J. Plant Physiol.,
22:561-569. 
Munns, R. 1993. Physical process limiting plant growth in saline soil: some dogmas and
hypotheses. Plant Cell Environ., 16:15-24.
Munns, R. 2002. The impact of salinity stress.
http://www.plantstress.com/articles/salinity_i/salinity_i.htm. accessed on.
17
th
 Nov.2004.
Mushling, K.h. and Lauchli.2001. Physiological traits of sodium toxicity and salt
tolerance. Plant nutrition: food security and sustainability of agroecosystem through basic and applied research. 14
th
 International Plant
Nutrition Colloquim, Hannover, Germany, Pp.378-379.
Naseem, R., R. H. Qureshi, J. Akhtar and M. A. Mahmood. 2000. Screening of wheat
(Triticum aestivum L.) genotypes against salinity in solution culture. Pak.J.
Agri. Sci., 37(1):1-2.
Nelson, D. E., B. Shen and H.J. Bohnert. 1998. Salinity tolerance-mechanisms, models
and metabolic engineering of complex traits. In Genetic Engineering.
Principles and Methods, (ed.) JK Setlow, 20: 153-176, New York, Plenum. 
Niu, X., R.A. Bressan, P.M. Hasegawa and J.M. Pardo. 1995. Ion homeostasis in NaCl
stress environments. Plant Physiol. 109:735-742.
Noble, C.L., and M.E. Rogers. 1992. Arguments for the use of physiological criteria for
improving the salt tolerance in crops. Plant Soil. 146:99-107.
Noble, C.L., G.M. Hallora, and D.W. West. 1984. Idenfication and selection for salt
tolerance in lucerne (Medicago sativa L.). Aust. J. Agri. Res., 35:239-252.
Noble, C. L. and M.C. Shannon. 1988. Salt tolerance selection of forage legumes using
physiological criteria. In: Proc. Ist. Int. Congr.  Plant Physiol. Soc. Plant
Physiol. Biochem. Int. Assoc. Plant Physiol. (S.K. Sharma, P.V. Sabe, S.C.
Bhargava and P.K. Agrawal, Eds.). pp. 989-994. New Dlhi, India.
Noor, E., F.M. Azhar, and A.A. Khan. 2001. Differences in responses of  Gossypium
hirsutum L. varieties to NaCl salinity level at seedling stage. Int. J. Agri. &
Bio., 3(4):345-347.
Noora, J., S.G. Khatta, E. Ahmad and A. Rashid. 1995. Effects of various levels of
salinity on germination of different maize cultivars. Sarhad J. Agri.,
11:721-724.
Okusanya, O. T. and I.A. Ungar. 1984. The growth and mineral composition of three
species of Spergularia as affected by salinity and nutrients at high salinity.
American J. Bot., 71:439-447.
Pessarkali, M. and T. C. Tucker. 1985a. Uptake of N
15
 by cotton under salt stress. Soil
Sci. Am., J., 49(1):149-152.
Pessarkali, M. and T. C. Tucker. 1985b. Ammonium metabolismin cotton under salt
stress., J. Plant Nutr., 8(1):1025-1045.
Pessarkali, M. 1995. Physiological responses of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to salt
stress. In: Handbook of Plant and Crop Physiology (M. Pesarkli ed.)
Marcel Dekkar, New York. Pp.679-693.
Pearson, G.A., L. Bernstein, 1959. Salinity effects at several growth stages of rice. Agron.
J., 51:654-657.
Perez-Alfocea, F., M. T. Estan, A. Santa Cruz, M. C. Bolaron. 1993. Effects of salinity on
nitrate, total nitrogen, soluble protein and free amino acid levels in tomato
plants. J. Hort. Sci., 68: 1021-1027.
Perveen, S. and R.H. Qureshi.1992. Toxicity levels of Na
+
 and Cl
-
 in wheat leaves cell
sap.Pak. J.Agri., Sci. 29(3): 148-152.
Pervaiz, S. 2002. Response of cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) to varying levels of
salinity. M.Sc. Thesis, Dept. Soil Sci., Univ. Agric., Faisalabad.
Phoqat V., Satyavan, S. Kumar, S. Sharma, A. Kapoor and M. Kuhad. 2001. Performance
of upland cotton (Gossypium hirsitum) and wheat (Triticum aestivum)
genotypesunder different salinity conditions. Indian J. of Agric Sci.,
71:303-305.
Pitman, M.G. and A. Lauchli. 2002. Global impact of salinity and agricultural
ecosystems. In: A lauchli and U Littage (Ed.), Salinity, Environment,
Plants, Molecules. Kluwer Acad. Pub. Netherlands. Pp. 3-20.
Poljakoff-Mayber, A. 1982. Biochemical and Physiological responses of higher plants to
salinity stress. In: San Pietro, A. (Ed.) Bio-saline Research. A look to the
future plenum, New York., Pp. 245-269.
Porter, D. M., Smith, D. H., and Rodriguez-Kabana, R. 1982. Peanut Diseases. Pages
326-410. In: Peanut Sciences and Technology. H. E.  Pettee and C. T.
Young, eds. Am. Peanut Res. Educ. Soc., Yoakum, TX.
Poehlman, J.M. and D.A. Sleper. 1995. Breeding Field Crops 4
th
 Ed. Lowa State Univ.
Press Aims.
Qadir, M. and M. Shams. 1997. Some agronomic and physiological aspects of salt
tolerance in cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.). Agron. Crop Sci., 179(2):
101-106.
Qureshi, R.H. 1993. Alternating strategies for tackling the soil salinity problem. Deptt. of
Soil Science, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad. pp.117.
Qureshi, R.H., M. Aslam, S. Nawaz and T. Mehmood. 1990. Saline Agriculture Research
in Pakistan. In: Proceeding of Indo-Pak Workshop on Soil Salinity and
Water Management, PARC, Islamabad. pp 409-423.
Rahman MS, Miyake, H., Takeoka, Y. 2002. Effects of exogenous glycinebetaine on
growth and ultrastructure of salt-stressed rice seedlings (Oryza sativa L.).
Plant Prod. Sci., 5:33-44.
(Contd.)

Comments

Popular posts from this blog

Herbal Formulations from Pankaj Oudhia’s Medicinal Plant Database

World Literature on Medicinal Plants from Pankaj Oudhia’s Medicinal Plant Database -86